Entropy: the secret of life.  A message from Erwin Schrödinger's "What Is Life?"  Living organisms can anticipate outcomes (with probability well improved above pure chance) of actions taken on their environment.  They can select from alternative actions.  Osmosis through membranes is a molecular-level example of this process, and is an entropic process.  Dialing a telephone number is a organism-level example, and is an information-theory process.  Don't miss this site.  (It's an excellent explanation of entropy.)

Heat and temperature.  "Don't use heat as a noun," is a message from John Rigden, the editor of The American Journal of Physics.  He wants to avoid some very common misunderstandings.  "Heat,"as a noun, is persistently and pervasively confused with temperature.  Authors of the better physics texts define heat with something like, "Heat is energy transferred solely because of temperature difference."  So, the verb "to heat" means to raise the temperature of something.  "Energy transferred solely because of temperature difference" is energy transferred by statistical (stochastical) processes, the principles and mathematics of which is essentially the same as that of the process of transferring money through lottery or casino.  Statistics principles are persistently and pervasively not seen by a majority of those who might benefit from the insights.

Definition of energy. "A vegetable is a potato" is an unacceptable definition of a vegetable.  The logic of vegetables and potatoes is easier to see than the logic of energy and capacity to do work.  And the logic of selecting cards according to an "If p then q" relationship is pretty slippery, too.